Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources.Chapter – 2,solved questions and answers.

1. Answer the following questions:

(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?

Answer– Temperature and rainfall.


(ii) Write any two reasons for land degradation today.

Answer– (i)Deforestation

                   (ii) Overgrazing


(iii) Why is land considered an important resource?

Answer– Because land provides us with food, shelter, and other resources. It is essential for agriculture, forestry, industries, and infrastructure development.


(iv) Name any two steps that the government has taken to conserve plants and animals.

Answer– (i) Establishment of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries

(ii) Implementation of laws to protect endangered species


(v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.

Answer- (a) Rainwater harvesting

             (b) Avoiding water wastage

              (c) Reusing wastewater after treatment



2. Tick the correct answer:

(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?
✔️ (b) Soil texture

(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
✔️ (c) Terrace cultivation ✅ (Correct)
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(iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?
✔️ (c) Dispose polybags after shopping



3. Match the followings:


(i) Land use      (c) Productive use of land
(ii) Humus        (d) Organic matter deposited on top soil
(iii) Rock dams   (a) Prevent soil erosion
(iv) Biosphere    (b) Narrow zone of contact         between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere




4. State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons:

(i) Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.
✔️ True – Due to fertile land and abundant water supply, it supports high population density.

(ii) Water availability per person in India is declining.
✔️ True – Due to increasing population and water pollution.

(iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.
❌ False – It is called shelter belts, not intercropping.

(iv) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.
❌ False – They disturb the e