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A. Tick the correct answer (with answers)
1. Which of the following is the most distinctive feature of the tundra?
Answer: Permafrost
2. How long do winters last in Greenland?
Answer: Nine months
3. Which of these animals are very important for the people of the tundra region?
Answer: Reindeers
4. Who are the natives of Greenland?
Answer: Inuits
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B. Fill in the blanks (with answers)
1. The Inuits belong to the ______ race.
Answer: Mongoloid
2. ______ are the snowstorms that bring continuous heavy snowfall.
Answer: Blizzards
3. Most of the nomadic Inuits live in tents called ______.
Answer: Igloos
4. The official languages of Greenland are ______ and ______.
Answer: Greenlandic and Danish
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C. Answer the following questions
1. Where are the polar regions located on the Earth?
Answer:
The polar regions are located around the North Pole (Arctic region) and the South Pole (Antarctic region) of the Earth.
2. Name the boundaries of Greenland.
Answer:
Greenland is bounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the south, Baffin Bay in the west and the Greenland Sea in the east.
3. What are the two divisions of the polar regions? Explain.
Answer:
The two divisions of the polar regions are the Arctic and the Antarctic.
The Arctic lies around the North Pole and includes Greenland and the northern parts of continents.
The Antarctic lies around the South Pole and includes the continent of Antarctica.
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4. Write briefly about the weather conditions that prevail in Greenland.
Answer:
Greenland has a very cold climate with long winters lasting about nine months. The temperature remains below freezing for most of the year. Summers are short and cool. Snowfall, blizzards and icy winds are very common.
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D. Define the following
1. Sledges
Answer:
Sledges are vehicles without wheels used for travelling over snow and ice, usually pulled by dogs or reindeer.
2. Kayaks
Answer:
Kayaks are small, narrow boats used by the Inuits for hunting and travelling on water.
3. Umiaks
Answer:
Umiaks are large open boats made of animal skins, used by Inuits to carry families and goods.
4. Blizzards
Answer:
Blizzards are severe snowstorms accompanied by strong winds and very low visibility.
5. Harpoons
Answer:
Harpoons are long spears with sharp pointed metal tips used for hunting sea animals.
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E. Give reasons
1. Very limited vegetation is found in tundra lowlands.
Reason:
Vegetation is limited because the climate is extremely cold, the soil remains frozen as permafrost, and the growing season is very short.
2. The people of Greenland are mainly meat-eaters.
Reason:
Due to the harsh climate, very few plants grow in Greenland. So people depend mainly on hunting animals and fishing for food.
3. Reindeers are the most important animals for the people of the tundra region.
Reason:
Reindeers provide meat, milk, skin for clothes, and are used for transportation. Hence, they are very useful for survival in the tundra region.
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Activities โ Observe and Answer
1. Igloo (Picture 1)
Answer: It is an igloo, a snow house used by Inuits during winter.
2. Dog Sledge (Picture 2)
Answer: It shows a dog sledge used for travelling on snow in the polar regions.
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