B. Write T for True and F for False
1. India has 25 States and 7 Union Territories. โ F
2. Differences in society and its structure create unrest. โ T
3. India is not a secular country. โ F
4. Classical and folk are the two main types of dances in India. โ T
5. Diversity in languages has added a great variety to our literature. โ T
C. Fill in the blanks
1. Culture refers to the ideas, customs, beliefs and social behaviour of a particular country or group.
2. The North Indian School of music is called Hindustani while the South Indian School of music is called Carnatic.
3. Diversity adds flavour to our lives and enriches our culture.
4. Our National Flag and National Song remind us of Indiaโs capacity to unite.
5. Geographical features influence the lifestyle and occupation of people.
D. Very Short Answer Type Questions (20โ30 words)
1. What is diversity?
Answer:
Diversity means differences among people in terms of language, religion, food, dress, customs, traditions and ways of living.
2. How many States and Union Territories are there in India?
Answer:
India has 28 States and 8 Union Territories.
3. What do you understand by the term โinequalityโ?
Answer:
Inequality means a situation where people do not get equal rights, opportunities and resources in society.
4. What do you understand by the term โcultureโ?
Answer:
Culture includes the ideas, beliefs, customs, traditions, art, music and social behaviour of a group of people.
5. In which of his books did Jawaharlal Nehru coin the phrase โunity in diversityโ?
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru used the phrase โunity in diversityโ in his book The Discovery of India.
E. Short Answer Type Questions (50โ60 words)
1. Write a note on the linguistic diversity of India.
Answer:
India shows great linguistic diversity. People speak many languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi and Gujarati. These languages belong to different language families. Linguistic diversity has enriched Indian literature and culture and reflects the countryโs rich heritage.
2. Write a note on the religious diversity of India.
Answer:
India is home to many religions like Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. People of different religions live together and celebrate different festivals. Religious diversity promotes tolerance and peaceful coexistence in India.
3. What are the two main schools of music in India?
Answer:
The two main schools of Indian classical music are Hindustani and Carnatic. Hindustani music developed in North India, while Carnatic music developed in South India. Both styles are rich and have unique features.
4. Discuss why Indiaโs diversity is recognized as a source of its strength.
Answer:
Indiaโs diversity is a source of strength because it encourages unity, mutual respect and understanding among people. Different cultures, traditions and languages enrich national life and help people live together peacefully.
5. Examine how Indiaโs struggle for freedom depicts unity in diversity.
Answer:
During Indiaโs freedom struggle, people from different regions, religions and languages united against British rule. Leaders and common people worked together, showing strong unity in diversity and national integration.
F. Long Answer Type Questions (80โ100 words)
1. List any five ways in which Kerala is different from Ladakh.
Answer:
Kerala and Ladakh are very different from each other in many ways.
Kerala has a hot and wet climate, while Ladakh has a cold and dry climate.
Kerala has plains, rivers and backwaters, whereas Ladakh has mountains and plateaus.
People in Kerala grow rice and coconut, while people in Ladakh grow barley and vegetables.
Houses in Kerala are made to suit heavy rainfall, while houses in Ladakh are made to protect from cold.
Food, clothing and lifestyle also differ due to climate.
2. India is a land of diverse cultures and religions. Elaborate.
Answer:
India is a land of great cultural and religious diversity. People in India follow different religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. Each religion has its own festivals, customs and traditions. People speak different languages, eat different kinds of food and wear different dresses. There are various forms of art, dance and music across regions. Despite these differences, people live together peacefully and respect each otherโs beliefs, making India a unique and diverse country.
3. Despite the diversity, there is a strong feeling of oneness among the people of India. Elaborate.
Answer:
India has many languages, religions and cultures, yet its people feel united. This feeling of oneness comes from a shared history, common freedom struggle and national symbols like the National Flag and National Anthem. Festivals are celebrated together, and people help each other in times of need. The Constitution treats everyone equally and promotes unity. Thus, despite differences, Indians feel proud to belong to one nation, showing unity in diversity.
G. Higher-Order Thinking Skills
1. Why do people living in different parts of the world look different and behave differently?
Answer:
People living in different parts of the world look and behave differently due to differences in climate, geography and environment. Climate affects food habits, clothing and physical features. Geography influences occupations and lifestyle. Culture, traditions, language and religion also shape behaviour. Over time, these factors create differences in appearance, habits and ways of living among people in different regions.
2. Why is diversity an essential component of our world and life?
Answer:
Diversity is essential because it enriches our lives and helps us learn from one another. It promotes creativity, understanding and mutual respect among people. Different cultures, ideas and traditions make the world interesting and vibrant. Diversity also teaches tolerance and cooperation, helping people live together peacefully. Without diversity, life would be monotonous and less meaningful.
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