B. Fill in the blanks
1. Scale is the ratio between the distance of two places on a map and the distance of these two places on the ground.
2. A thematic map is based on some theme or specific information.
3.A plan is always drawn to scale and shows accurate dimensions.
4. The four main directions are called cardinal directions.
5. Symbols represent features that cannot be drawn on a map.
C. Match the columns
Column A
Column B
1. Model of the Earth
(e) Globe
2. South
(a) North-south direction
3. Magnetic compass
(d) Cardinal direction
4. Rough drawing
(b) Sketch
5. Signs or characters
(c) Symbols
D. Very Short Answer Type Questions
1. List the types of maps.
Answer:
The main types of maps are physical maps, political maps and thematic maps.
2. What are the components of a map?
Answer:
The main components of a map are distance, direction and symbols.
3. Symbols help read maps. Explain how.
Answer:
Symbols represent different features on a map and make maps easy to understand without writing many words.
4. What is a sketch?
Answer:
A sketch is a rough drawing of an area that is not drawn to scale.
5. What is a plan?
Answer:
A plan is a drawing of a small area or building made to scale with accurate measurements.
E. Short Answer Type Questions
1. Briefly explain the physical map.
Answer:
A physical map shows the natural features of the Earth such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers and oceans. Different colours are used to show variations in height and depth. These maps help us understand the physical landscape of a place.
2. What is a scale? Classify maps based on scales.
Scale is the ratio between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground. Based on scale, maps are classified into large-scale maps and small-scale maps. Large-scale maps show small areas in detail, while small-scale maps show large areas with less detail.
3. What are cardinal directions and intermediate directions?
Answer:
Cardinal directions are the four main directions—North, South, East and West. Intermediate directions lie between the cardinal directions. They are North-East, North-West, South-East and Sout
4. A compass helps to find out the main directions. Explain.
Answer:
A magnetic compass has a needle that always points towards the north direction. By identifying north, we can easily find south, east and west. Therefore, a compass helps people locate directions accurately.
5. Explain the advantages of maps over the globe.
Answer:
Maps are easy to carry and use. They can show small areas in great detail and provide specific information such as climate, population and resources. Maps are more convenient than globes for study and travel purposes
F. Long Answer Type Questions
1. Explain three types of maps in detail.
Answer:
There are three main types of maps—physical maps, political maps and thematic maps. Physical maps show natural features like mountains, rivers and plains. Political maps show cities, states, countries and their boundaries. Thematic maps give specific information related to one theme, such as climate, rainfall, population, crops or industries. Each type of map helps us study different aspects of an area clearly and easily.
2. Discuss the components of a map in detail.
Answer:
The main components of a map are distance, direction and symbols. Distance is shown with the help of a scale, which tells the relationship between map distance and actual ground distance. Direction helps us locate places using cardinal and intermediate directions. Symbols are signs used to represent features such as roads, railways, rivers and buildings. These components make maps easy to read and understand.
3. What do you understand by directions?
Answer:
Directions help us locate places and move from one place to another. The four main directions are North, South, East and West, called cardinal directions. Between them lie the intermediate directions—North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West. Maps usually show north at the top. A compass is often used to identify directions accurately. Directions are very important in map reading and navigation.
4. What are symbols? How do they help to read maps?
Answer:
Symbols are special signs or marks used on maps to represent different features because actual features cannot be drawn on maps. For example, symbols are used for roads, railways, schools, rivers and temples. They make maps simple, neat and easy to understand. Symbols are the same all over the world, so people everywhere can read maps easily without language problems.
5. Differentiate between a sketch and a plan.
Sketch. Plan
(i) A sketch is a (a) A plan is a detailed
rough drawing. drawing
(ii) It is not drawn. (b) It is always
to scale. drawn to scale.
(iii) It may not show (c) It shows accurate accurate . accurate measurement . measurement
(iv) It is used for giving a (d) It is used for
general idea of a place. buildings or small
areas in detail.
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