On Equality, Chapter -1(Social and Political Life) Class -7, Solved exercises.

B. Fill in the blanks
1. In a democracy, all citizens are equal before the law.
2. Dignity refers to thinking of oneself and other persons as worthy of respect.
3. In order to promote equality, untouchability has been abolished by law.
4. The attitude of the people to think of all as equal, changes society.
5. Civil Rights Movement began in 1950s in America.

C. State True or False
1. Our constitution guarantees equality for all citizens.
True
2. The government enacts various policies to ensure equality for all.
True
3. The Mid-day Meal Scheme was started in Andhra Pradesh.
False
4. Attendance of children has improved by the Mid-day Meal Scheme.
True
5. Other countries of the world do not face inequality.
False

II. Short Answer Type Questions
1. State two ways in which Article 15 of our Constitution addresses inequality among citizens.

Answer:
(i) It prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
(ii) It allows equal access to public places and opportunities for all citizens.

2. In what ways does the government ensure equality as guaranteed by the Constitution?

Answer:
The government ensures equality by making laws and starting welfare programmes and schemes such as the Mid-day Meal Scheme, free education, and reservation policies.

3. “In daily life, we still find many examples of inequality”. Explain.

Answer:
In daily life, inequality can be seen in:
(i) Poverty and unemployment.
(ii) Discrimination based on caste, religion, or gender.
(iii) Unequal access to education and healthcare.
(iv) Untouchability and social differences in some places.

4. List the advantages of Mid-day Meal Scheme.
Increases school attendance.

Answer:
(i) Reduces hunger among children.
(ii) Promotes equality among students.
(iv) Encourages poor children to attend school.

III. Long Answer Type Questions
1. What do you understand by the term “all persons are equal before the law”? Why is it important in a democracy?

Answer:
“All persons are equal before the law” means every citizen is treated equally by the law. No one is above the law, whether rich or poor.
It is important in a democracy because it gives equal rights and justice to all citizens and prevents discrimination.

2. What are the provisions mentioned in our Constitution with regard to equality among citizens?

Answer
The Constitution provides:
(i) Equality before law for all citizens.
(ii) No discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, sex, race, or place of birth.
(iii) Equal opportunity in government jobs.
(iv) Abolition of untouchability.
(v) Equal access to public places.

3. “In daily life, we still find many examples of inequality”. Explain.

Answer:
In daily life, inequality can be seen in:
(i) Poverty and unemployment.
(ii) Discrimination based on caste, religion, or gender.
(iii) Unequal access to education and healthcare.
(iv) Untouchability and social differences in some places.

4. List the advantages of Mid-day Meal Scheme.
Increases school attendance.

Answer:
(i) Reduces hunger among children.
(ii) Promotes equality among students.
(v) Encourages poor children to attend school.