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The Polar Region, Chapter – 11, Subject – Social Studies, solved exercises

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A. Tick the correct answer (with answers)

1. Which of the following is the most distinctive feature of the tundra?

Answer: Permafrost

2. How long do winters last in Greenland?

Answer: Nine months

3. Which of these animals are very important for the people of the tundra region?

Answer: Reindeers

4. Who are the natives of Greenland?

Answer: Inuits

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B. Fill in the blanks (with answers)

1. The Inuits belong to the ______ race.

Answer: Mongoloid

2. ______ are the snowstorms that bring continuous heavy snowfall.

Answer: Blizzards

3. Most of the nomadic Inuits live in tents called ______.

Answer: Igloos

4. The official languages of Greenland are ______ and ______.

Answer: Greenlandic and Danish

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C. Answer the following questions

1. Where are the polar regions located on the Earth?

Answer:
The polar regions are located around the North Pole (Arctic region) and the South Pole (Antarctic region) of the Earth.

2. Name the boundaries of Greenland.

Answer:
Greenland is bounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the south, Baffin Bay in the west and the Greenland Sea in the east.

3. What are the two divisions of the polar regions? Explain.

Answer:
The two divisions of the polar regions are the Arctic and the Antarctic.

The Arctic lies around the North Pole and includes Greenland and the northern parts of continents.

The Antarctic lies around the South Pole and includes the continent of Antarctica.

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4. Write briefly about the weather conditions that prevail in Greenland.

Answer:
Greenland has a very cold climate with long winters lasting about nine months. The temperature remains below freezing for most of the year. Summers are short and cool. Snowfall, blizzards and icy winds are very common.

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D. Define the following

1. Sledges

Answer:
Sledges are vehicles without wheels used for travelling over snow and ice, usually pulled by dogs or reindeer.

2. Kayaks

Answer:
Kayaks are small, narrow boats used by the Inuits for hunting and travelling on water.

3. Umiaks

Answer:
Umiaks are large open boats made of animal skins, used by Inuits to carry families and goods.

4. Blizzards

Answer:
Blizzards are severe snowstorms accompanied by strong winds and very low visibility.

5. Harpoons

Answer:
Harpoons are long spears with sharp pointed metal tips used for hunting sea animals.

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E. Give reasons

1. Very limited vegetation is found in tundra lowlands.

Reason:
Vegetation is limited because the climate is extremely cold, the soil remains frozen as permafrost, and the growing season is very short.

2. The people of Greenland are mainly meat-eaters.

Reason:
Due to the harsh climate, very few plants grow in Greenland. So people depend mainly on hunting animals and fishing for food.

3. Reindeers are the most important animals for the people of the tundra region.

Reason:
Reindeers provide meat, milk, skin for clothes, and are used for transportation. Hence, they are very useful for survival in the tundra region.

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Activities – Observe and Answer

1. Igloo (Picture 1)

Answer: It is an igloo, a snow house used by Inuits during winter.

2. Dog Sledge (Picture 2)

Answer: It shows a dog sledge used for travelling on snow in the polar regions.

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Culture and Science, Class- VI,Subject- Social science,Solved exercises

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B. Write T for True and F for False statements

1. The image of the main deity was placed at the mandapa of the temples.
➡️ False (It was placed in the garbhagriha.)

2. The Shore Temple is at Sanchi.
➡️ False (It is at Mahabalipuram.)

3. Aryabhatta and Varahamihira are two great mathematicians and astronomers of ancient India.
➡️ True

4. The Puranas contain stories about various gods and goddesses.
➡️ True

5. The Bhagavad Gita is a part of Ramayana.
➡️ False (It is part of the Mahabharata.)

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C. Fill in the blanks

1. Manimekalai was composed by Sattanar.

2. The Ajanta caves are situated in Maharashtra.

3. Aryabhatta wrote Aryabhatiya.

4. Panchatantra is a set of animal fables composed by Vishnu Sharma.

5. The Five Rathas at Mamallapuram is an example of a free-st

D. Very Short Answer Type Questions (20–30 words)

1. Who composed Manimekalai? What does it describe?

Answer:
Manimekalai was composed by Sattanar. It describes the story of the heroine Manimekalai and highlights Buddhist teachings and ideals.

2. Name two poems of Kalidasa.

Answer:
Two famous poems of Kalidasa are Meghaduta and Ritusamhara.

3. What is the meaning of Panchatantra?

Answer:
Panchatantra means “Five Principles” or “Five Strategies.” It is a collection of short animal stories that teach moral lessons.

4. Which part of the temple is the garbhagriha?

Answer:
The garbhagriha is the innermost and most sacred chamber of a temple where the main deity’s idol is placed.

5. Name two rock-cut temples.

Answer:
Two rock-cut temples are Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves.

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E. Short Answer Type Questions (50–60 words)

1. Describe secular literature.

Answer:
Secular literature includes all writings that are not related to religion. It deals with subjects such as grammar, poetry, drama, astronomy, medicine, mathematics, and political science. These works provide knowledge about society, culture, and scientific achievements of ancient India.

2. Write a note on the two main Tamil epics.

Answer:
The two main Tamil epics are Silappadikaram and Manimekalai. Silappadikaram, written by Ilango Adigal, tells the story of Kannagi. Manimekalai, written by Sattanar, is a sequel to Silappadikaram and reflects Buddhist philosophy and teachings.

3. Who was Aryabhata? Appraise his contribution to science.

Answer:
Aryabhata was a great mathematician and astronomer of ancient India. He wrote the Aryabhatiya, explained the value of π, introduced the concept of zero, and stated that the Earth rotates on its axis. His discoveries greatly advanced mathematics and astronomy.

4. Distinguish between the Mahabharata and the Ramayana.

Answer:
The Mahabharata, written by Ved Vyasa, is the story of the conflict between the Kauravas and Pandavas and contains the Bhagavad Gita. The Ramayana, written by Valmiki, narrates the life and adventures of Lord Rama. Both are important epics but differ in theme and characters.

5. What do you understand by the Puranas?

Answer:
The Puranas are ancient Hindu religious texts containing stories about gods, goddesses, creation of the universe, kings, and traditions. They were written in simple language to spread religious ideas among common people. They also describe festivals and rituals.

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F. Long Answer Type Questions (80–100 words)

1. What was the valuable contribution of Indians in the field of medicine?

Answer:
Ancient Indians made remarkable contributions in medicine through the works of Charaka and Sushruta. Charaka is known as the father of Ayurveda and wrote the Charaka Samhita, explaining diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Sushruta is considered the father of surgery. He wrote the Sushruta Samhita and described surgical instruments, plastic surgery, and operations like cataract removal. Their scientific methods laid the foundation of Indian medical science.

2. What are stupas? Describe the architecture of the stupas.

Answer:
Stupas are dome-shaped Buddhist structures built over relics of Buddha or Buddhist monks. A typical stupa consists of a hemispherical dome (anda), built on a circular base. It has a harmika (square railing on top), a yasti (central pillar), and chhatras (umbrella-like structures). Stupas are surrounded by a pradakshina patha for circumambulation. The gateways, or toranas, are beautifully carved.

3. Explain the salient features of the earliest Hindu temples. Give examples to support your Answer.
Answer: The earliest Hindu temples were simple Answer: structures made of bricks and stone. They usually had a garbhagriha for the deity, a mandapa for worshippers, and sometimes a shikhara above the sanctum. These temples had beautiful carvings and sculptures. Examples include the Dashavatara Temple at Deogarh and the rock-cut temples of Ellora and Mahabalipuram.

4. Elaborate on the development of painting in India. Give examples to support your answer.

Answer:
Indian painting developed significantly during ancient times. The Ajanta Caves contain beautiful murals illustrating the life of Buddha. The Ellora and Bagh caves show detailed frescoes. Early paintings used natural colours and depicted religious themes, nature, and daily life. They show India’s artistic skills and creativity. These artworks remain masterpieces of ancient Indian art.

5. There was no shortage of secular literature in Ancient India. Support this statement with examples.

Answer:
Ancient India produced a wide range of secular literature that was not connected to religion. Works on astronomy like Aryabhatiya, on medicine like Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita, on grammar like Ashtadhyayi by Panini, and on politics like Arthashastra by Kautilya are important examples. Literary works like Meghaduta, Kalidasa’s plays, and fables like Panchatantra further prove the richness of secular writing.

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G. Differentiate between the following

1. The Jataka Tales and the Panchatantra

Jataka Tales Panchatantra

Answer:

Stories about previous births of Buddha. Collection of animal fables teaching moral lessons.
Buddhist religious literature. Secular literature.
Focus on moral values and karma. Focus on practical wisdom for life.

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2. Rock-cut temples and free-standing temples

Rock-cut Temples Free-standing Temples

Answer:

Carved out of a single rock or hillside. Built by assembling stone blocks or bricks.
Example: Ajanta, Ellora. Example: Five Rathas, early stone temples.
More like caves with carvings. Independent structures with pillars and halls.

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Understanding Our Criminal Justice,Class- 8, Subject- Social science,Solved exercises

1. What is the role of the police in investigating a crime?

Answer:

The police investigate any complaint about the commission of a crime.

Their role is to:

(i) Record statements of witnesses.

(ii) Collect evidence.

(iii) Make arrests if necessary.

(iv) The police must follow the law and cannot torture or force a person to confess.

(v) They must present the arrested person before a magistrate within 24 hours.

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2. What is an FIR? Why is it important?

Answer:

FIR stands for First Information Report.

It is the written document prepared by the police when they receive information about a crime.

The FIR includes:

(i) Date, time, and place of the crime.

(ii) Details of the incident.

(iii) Name and address of the complainant.

It is important because:

(a) It marks the official start of the investigation.

(b) The complainant gets a free copy of the FIR for reference.

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3. What is the role of the Public Prosecutor?

Answer:

The Public Prosecutor represents the State in the criminal case.

Their duty is to:

(i) Present the evidence collected by the police.

(ii) Argue the case in court on behalf of the State.

(iii) Ensure the trial is fair and impartial.

(iv) The Public Prosecutor does not take sides but helps the court to arrive at the truth.

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4. What is the role of the Judge?

Answer:

The Judge conducts the trial in an open court.

They:

Listen to the statements of witnesses and examine evidence.

Ensure that the trial is fair.

Decide whether the accused is guilty or innocent.

Pronounce the judgment and decide the punishment if the person is found guilty.

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5. What is a fair trial?

Answer: A fair trial means that:

The accused person is given a chance to defend themselves.

The trial is held in open court, where the public and media can attend.

Both sides — the prosecution and the defense — can present their evidence.

The judge is impartial and gives the decision based only on the evidence presented in court.

Everyone is treated equally before the law.

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6. What are the rights of an arrested person?

Answer: According to the Constitution and Criminal Law, every arrested person has the following rights:

1. To be informed of the reasons for arrest.

2. To be presented before a magistrate within 24 hours.

3. Not to be ill-treated or tortured during arrest or custody.

4. To consult a lawyer of their choice.

5. To remain silent and not be forced to confess guilt.

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7. Why do we need to understand the criminal justice system?

Answer:

Understanding the system helps citizens know their rights and duties.

It ensures that people are aware of the processes that should be followed in case of a crime.

It helps prevent misuse of power by police or other authorities.

It ensures that justice is fair and equal for all.

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8. Who are the main functionaries of the criminal justice system?

Answer: The four key functionaries are:

1. Police – investigate the crime.

2. Public Prosecutor – represent the State in the court.

3. Defence Lawyer – defend the accused.

4. Judge – conduct the trial and give judgment.

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9. What does Article 22 of the Constitution provide for?

Answer:

Article 22 provides protection to individuals in case of arrest and detention.

It ensures that:

The person is informed of the reason for arrest.

The person has the right to consult a lawyer.

The person must be presented before a magistrate within 24 hours.

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10. Why should the police not decide whether a person is guilty or not?

Answer:

The police’s job is only to investigate the case and collect evidence.

The court has the authority to decide guilt or innocence based on evidence and witnesses.

This separation ensures that the trial is fair and prevents misuse of power by the police.

A Wholesale Market, Chapter- 9, Subject- Social science, solved exercises.

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A. Choose the Correct Answer

1. Intermediaries try to buy the produce at cheap rates and pay about:
✅ (b) 30%–40% to the farmers

2. If a farmer sells his produce in a mandi directly without using an intermediary’s services, then:
✅ (b) He will get the maximum profit

3. An organization of farmers where they jointly share their profits is called:
✅ (c) Agricultural Cooperatives

4. Wholesale is the business of selling goods in:
✅ (a) Large quantities at low prices

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B. True or False

1. A wholesale market is dependent on retailers. — ❌ False

2. The E-Choupal scheme was initiated by the Government of India. — ❌ False

3. The Rural Godown Scheme supplies cold storage facilities to the farmers. — ✅ True

4. Khari Baoli is Asia’s largest wholesale spice and condiments market. — ✅ True

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C. Fill in the Blanks

1. Wholesale markets supply products in bulk to retailers and traders.

2. Wholesalers do not usually advertise their products or services.

3. Khari baoli is a 17th-century wholesale market.

4. Middlemen and intermediaries exploit farmers and make profits.

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D. Very Short Answer Type Questions (20–30 words)

1. What is wholesale business?
Answer: It is the buying and selling of goods in large quantities at low prices, usually to retailers or traders rather than directly to consumers.

2. Who is the sanchalak in an E-Choupal?
Answer: A sanchalak is a trained farmer who manages the E-Choupal and helps other farmers access information and services online.

3. What are cooperatives?
Answer: Cooperatives are groups of people who come together voluntarily to meet common economic needs through a jointly owned and democratic organization.

4. Who makes agricultural cooperatives and why?
Answer: Farmers form agricultural cooperatives to share resources, eliminate middlemen, and get fair prices for their produce.

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E. Short Answer Type Questions (50–60 words)

1. Is it beneficial for farmers to sell their produce in wholesale markets?
Answer: Yes, it helps farmers sell their produce in bulk directly to traders or retailers, ensuring better prices and avoiding middlemen. It also reduces the risk of spoilage and storage loss.

2. Discuss how the profit margins depend on the selling prices in a wholesale marketplace.
Answer: Profit margins depend on the difference between the cost price and selling price. When selling prices rise, profits increase; when prices fall due to oversupply or low demand, profits decrease.

3. What are the new trends in the marketplace?
Answer: New trends include digital marketing, online trading, mobile-based price updates, direct farmer-to-consumer selling, and government-supported platforms like E-NAM and E-Choupal.

4. Write a note on E-Choupal.
Answer: E-Choupal is an ITC initiative that provides farmers with internet access to market prices, weather forecasts, and best farming practices. It reduces the role of middlemen and ensures fair prices for farmers.

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F. Long Answer Type Questions (80–100 words)

1. Describe the functioning of the Khari Baoli market.
Answer: Khari Baoli, located in Delhi, is Asia’s largest wholesale spice and dry fruit market. Established in the 17th century, it deals in spices, herbs, and dry fruits. Traders from across India buy in bulk here. Goods are sold at wholesale rates to retailers and exporters. It plays an important role in India’s spice trade and supports thousands of traders and workers.

2. Why do farmers receive the least share of profit? Explain the role of intermediaries in it.
Answer: Farmers get a low share of profit because intermediaries buy produce at cheap rates and sell it at higher prices in cities. These middlemen take a large portion of the profit. Due to lack of transport, storage, and market access, farmers depend on them and end up receiving only 30–40% of the final selling price.

3. Discuss the efforts initiated by the government to protect the farmers’ interest.
Answer: The government has taken steps like setting up regulated mandis, fixing Minimum Support Prices (MSP), and promoting cooperatives. Schemes such as the Rural Godown Scheme, E-NAM, and E-Choupal help farmers store produce, access fair markets, and get better prices. These measures aim to reduce the control of intermediaries and improve farmers’ income.

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Indian Constitution,Chapter- 16, Subject- Social studies.

A. Tick the correct answer

1. Which country has the longest written constitution in the world?
✅ India

2. When did the Constitution of India come into effect?
✅ January 26, 1950

3. Which term means that people have the right to choose their own government?
✅ Democratic

4. How many Fundamental Rights have been provided by the Constitution of India?
✅ Six

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B. Match the columns

Column A Column B Correct Match

1. Equality —– (d) No discrimination
2. Citizens must follow —– (b) Ideals of Constitution
3. Slavery —— (a) Offence in our country
4. Citizens must respect —– (c) National Flag and National Anthem

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C. Answer the following questions

1. What do you mean by Constitution?
Answer: A Constitution is a set of rules and principles according to which a country is governed.

2. List the six Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Indian Government to its citizens.

Answer: The six fundamental rights are : (i) Right to Equality

(ii) Right to Freedom

(iii) Right against Exploitation

(iv) Right to Freedom of Religion

(v) Cultural and Educational Rights

(vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies

3. Mention any four Fundamental Duties to be performed by every citizen of our country.

Answer: (a) To respect the National Flag and the National Anthem

(b) To protect public property

(c) To defend the country

(d) To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood

4. Who framed the Constitution of India?
Answer: The Constituent Assembly of India, under the chairmanship of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, framed the Constitution.

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D. Write short notes on the following

1. Right to Equality
→ It ensures that all citizens are equal before the law and prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

2. Right to Freedom
→ It gives citizens the freedom of speech and expression, movement, profession, and the right to live anywhere in India.

3. Right to Freedom of Religion
→ It allows every person to follow, practise, and propagate any religion of their choice.

4. Cultural and Educational Rights
→ These rights protect the interests of minorities and ensure that they can preserve their language, culture, and establish educational institutions.

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The Post Mauryan Period, Class- 6, Subject- Social Science,solved exercises.

A.Choose the correct answer:

1. The most important Kushana king was:
(a) Gondophernes
(b) Alexander
(c) Rudradaman
(d) Kanishka ✅

2. Which country was the first to make silk?
(a) China ✅
(b) Japan
(c) India
(d) Sri Lanka

3. Gautamiputra Satakarni was the famous ruler of the:
✅ (c) Satavahanas

4. The idea of bhakti finds mention in the:
✅ (a) Bhagavad Gita

5. Which king’s mother composed an inscription for him?
✅ (d) Gautamiputra Satakarni

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B. Write T for True and F for False statements

1. Menander converted to Hinduism. → ❌ False (He converted to Buddhism.)

2. Kanishka organized a Buddhist council at Kashmir. → ✅ True

3. Ashvaghosha wrote Buddhacharita. → ✅ True

4. Kaveripattinam was the important port city of the Cheras. → ❌ False (It was of the Cholas.)

5. The Kushanas were among the earliest rulers to issue gold coins in the Indian subcontinent. → ✅ True

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C. Fill in the blanks

1. The most famous Chola king was Karikala.

2. The Chinese pilgrim Fa-Hien came to India in the 5th century CE.

3. The Cheras were also referred to as Keralaputras.

4. The Satavahana rulers were referred to as Andhras.

5. Hiuen Tsang came to India during the reign of Harsha.

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D. Very Short Answer Type Questions (20–30 words each)

1. Which were the important kingdoms of South India?
Answer: The important kingdoms of South India were the Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas. They were powerful dynasties known for trade, administration, and cultural development.

2. What is Mahayana Buddhism?
Answer: Mahayana Buddhism is a branch of Buddhism that believes Buddha is a divine being and that anyone can attain salvation through faith and devotion.

3. What is the idea of Bhakti?
Answer: The idea of Bhakti means devotion to a personal god or goddess with love and faith, without any need for elaborate rituals.

4. Why is the Silk Route so called?
Answer: The Silk Route is so called because silk was the main item traded along this route between China and other countries, including India and Rome.

5. Name the Chinese pilgrims who came to India.
Answer: The famous Chinese pilgrims who came to India were Fa-Hien, Hiuen Tsang, and Itsing.

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E. Short Answer Type Questions (50–60 words each)

1. Describe the Chola rule in South India.
Answer: The Cholas were powerful rulers of South India known for their strong navy, efficient administration, and promotion of art and architecture. Karikala Chola was their most famous king. Their capital was Kaveripattinam, and they built magnificent temples like the Brihadeshwara Temple.

2. Write about the Cheras.
Answer: The Cheras ruled over the present-day Kerala region. Their capital was Vanji. They controlled the western coast and were famous for their trade with Romans and Arabs, exporting spices and ivory. They were also known as Keralaputras.

3. Write a few lines on the Pandyas.
Answer: The Pandyas ruled over the southern part of Tamil Nadu with Madurai as their capital. They were famous for their Sangam literature, pearl fishing, and trade with foreign countries like Rome.

4. Write a short note on the Indo-Greeks.
Answer: The Indo-Greeks were Greek rulers who settled in north-western India after Alexander’s invasion. Menander (Milinda) was their most famous king who later adopted Buddhism. They helped in spreading Indian art and culture, especially Gandhara art.

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Who Will Bell the Cat,Lesson- 10, Class- 1, solved exercises.

EXERCISES

Comprehension
A. Fill in the blanks

1. The mice were afraid of the cat.

2. The mice lived in a big house.

3. The big cat was always chasing the mice.

4. The mice decided to hang a small bell around the cat’s neck so the mice could not hear her come.

5. The cat walks softly, so the mice could not hear her come.

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🟣 Vocabulary

A. Match the words which mean the same.

A (Words) B (Meanings)

1. small         e. little
2. right           t. correct
3. heavy         a. light
4. softly         b. quietly
5. sad               c. unhappy
6. large            f. big

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B. Answer these questions

1. Name the rooms where the mice lived.
→ They lived in the kitchen, drawing room, and bedrooms.

2. Describe the cat.
→ The cat was big and fat. She always chased the mice.

3. Who gave the new idea?
→ The little mouse gave the new idea.

4. Did the mice carry out the idea in the end? Why?
→ No, they did not carry out the idea because no one was ready to hang the bell around the cat’s neck.

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🟢 Grammar – Position Words

Fill in the blanks with appropriate position words (in, on, under, behind, between, over).

1. The cat is on the chair.

2. The cat is under the chair.

3. The cat is in the basket.

4. The bird is on the tree.

5. The cow is behind the tree.

6. The boy is jumping over the bench.

Judiciary,Chapter- 5, Subject- Social Science,solved exercises

1.

Question: Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?
Answer:
An independent judiciary is necessary to ensure that judges can make decisions free from the influence of the executive or legislature. This helps protect the Fundamental Rights of citizens and ensures justice is delivered fairly and without bias.

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2.

Question: How does the Right to Constitutional Remedies connect to the idea of judicial review?
Answer:
The Right to Constitutional Remedies allows citizens to approach the courts if their Fundamental Rights are violated. Judicial review enables the courts to examine whether laws or actions of the government violate the Constitution, thus protecting those rights.

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3.

Illustration: Sudha Goel Case

Court Judgment

Lower Court — Found Sudha Goel’s husband and in- laws and sentenced them to imprisonment.

High Court — Acquitted the accused, saying there was not enough evidence.

Supreme Court — Reversed the High Court’s decision and held the accused guilty again.

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4. Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that are false.

(a) ✅ The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.
→ True

(b) ❌ They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision.
→ Correction: They went to the High Court after the Trial Court had given its decision.

(c) ❌ If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.
→ Correction: The accused cannot go back to the Trial Court after the Supreme Court’s verdict, as the Supreme Court’s decision is final.

5.

Question: Why is the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) a significant step?
Answer:
PIL allows any citizen or group to approach the court in the interest of the public, even if they are not directly affected. It helps ensure justice for disadvantaged people and makes access to justice easier and quicker for all.

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6.

Question: What did the judges mean by the Right to Livelihood as part of the Right to Life (Olga Tellis case)?
Answer:
The judges meant that the Right to Life is meaningless without the Right to Livelihood, because without work or income, a person cannot live with dignity or meet basic needs.

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7.

Question: Write a story around the theme ‘Justice delayed is justice denied.’
Answer (example):
A poor farmer lost his land due to a false document filed by a rich landlord. The case went on in court for 20 years. By the time the farmer won, he had lost his livelihood and family. The delay in justice had destroyed his life—showing that justice delayed is indeed justice denied.

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8.

Question: Make sentences with each glossary word (given on the next page).

Answer:

1. Acquit – The court decided to acquit the accused as there was no proof of the crime.

2. To Appeal – The lawyer will appeal to the High Court against the decision of the lower court.

3. Compensation – The company paid compensation to the worker who was injured during work.

4. Eviction – The families protested against their eviction from the land they had lived on for years.

5. Violation – Not allowing children to attend school is a violation of their Fundamental Rights.

Cats Sleep Anywhere,a poem by Eleanor Farjeon ,Class – 1,solved exercises

A. Write T for true and F for false

1. Cats can sleep anywhere. — ✅ T

2. Cats sleep only on the table. — ❌ F

3. They sleep only in the cupboard. — ❌ F

4. They cannot sleep in a cardboard box. — ❌ F

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B. Think and Discuss

1. Where can cats sleep?
Answer:- Cats can sleep anywhere — on a chair, table, piano, or in a box.

2. Do you think cats can really sleep anywhere?
Answer:- Yes, cats can sleep almost anywhere they find comfortable.

3. If you had a pet cat, would you let it sleep anywhere?
Answer:- No, I would give it a cozy place to sleep.

4. How would you feel if your pet slept in your cupboard with your clothes?
Answer:- I would be surprised or might not like it because it could make my clothes dirty.

B. Circle the different letters that make a common sound

1. sale — sail
→ Circle a in sale and ai in sail

2. seen — scene
→ Circle ee in seen and sce in scene

3. made — maid
→ Circle a in made and ai in maid

4. blew — blue
→ Circle ew in blew and ue in blue

5. ate — eight
→ Circle a in ate and eigh in eight

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C. Match the given letters to the words where they appear

Ending        Words

-ds                 heads, spreads
-ms                beams, seems
-ps                 peeps, keeps, heaps

Our Environment, Class- 5, Subject- Social studies, Solved exercises.

A. Tick the correct answer

1. What is the natural world in which people, animals and plants live called?
✅ Environment

2. Clean surrounding is necessary for us to stay —
✅ Healthy

3. What are the materials that decompose naturally called?
✅ Biodegradable

4. What is the process of reusing a product or producing new products from waste materials known as?
✅ Recycling

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B. Write (T) for true and (F) for false sentences

1. Compost pits cannot be made at home. — ❌ False

2. We should use cloth bags. — ✅ True

3. Open dumping is an eco-friendly way of waste disposal. — ❌ False

4. Clean surroundings are necessary for us to stay healthy. — ✅ True

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C. Answer the following questions

1. What do you understand by the term ‘environment’?
Answer:- The environment is everything that surrounds us, including air, water, land, plants, animals, and humans.

2. What is the difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste?
Answer:- Biodegradable waste decomposes naturally (like food waste and paper), while non-biodegradable waste does not decompose easily (like plastic and glass).

3. Explain open dumping.
Answer:- Open dumping is the careless throwing of waste in open areas, which causes pollution and harms the environment.

4. Write a note on compost pits.
Answer:- Compost pits are pits where biodegradable waste is collected and allowed to decompose naturally to form compost, which can be used as manure.

5. What are the three R’s? What are their uses?
Answer:- The three R’s are Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
They help in minimizing waste, conserving resources, and protecting the environment.

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D. Give reasons

1. We should not throw waste in a water body.
→ Because it pollutes the water, harms aquatic life, and makes water unsafe for use.

2. Plastics, bottles and cans are a major threat to the environment.
→ Because they are non-biodegradable and cause land and water pollution.

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Observe and Answer

1. What does the picture represent?
Answer:- The picture represents the three R’s — Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.

2. Why is it important?
Answer:- It helps to reduce waste, save resources, and keep the environment clean and healthy.

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