A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. It is the mixing of undesirable contaminants in air, water, land and soil.
Answer: (c) pollution
2. Which type of pollution is created by excessive use of light by humans?
Answer: (d) photo/light
3. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Air pollution → vehicles, loudspeakers ❌ (wrong match)
Answer: (a) Air pollution
B. Short Answer Type Questions
1. Do you agree that human beings are the major threat to the environment? Give reason.
Answer: Yes, human beings are the major threat because they pollute air, water, and land through industrial activities, vehicles, deforestation, and waste disposal.
2. Suggest any five measures to control environmental pollution.
Answer:
(i) Plant more trees
(ii) Reduce use of plastic
(iii) Use public transport
(iv) Treat industrial waste before disposal
(v). Save electricity and water
3. Give a short account on water pollution.
Answer: Water pollution occurs when harmful substances like sewage, chemicals, and waste mix with water bodies, making water unsafe for drinking and harming aquatic life.
4. What are the main sources of land and air pollution?
Answer:
Land pollution: garbage, plastic waste, chemicals
Air pollution: vehicles, factories, burning fuels
C. Effects of the Following
1. Photo pollution:
Answer: Disturbs sleep, affects animals, blocks view of stars
2. Water pollution:
Answer: Causes diseases like typhoid, kills aquatic life
3. Soil pollution:
Answer: Reduces soil fertility, affects crop production
D. Fill in the Blanks
1. The surrounding in which we live is called environment.
2. The harmful changes brought in by human activities are called pollution.
3. Human activities and vehicles are the main cause of air pollution.
4. When water sources get contaminated water pollution is caused.
5. Land pollution makes the soil infertile.
E. Match List I with List II
(i) Water pollution → (f) typhoid
(ii) Air pollution → (d) respiratory problems
(iii) Land pollution → (a) infertility of soil
(iv) Noise pollution → (b) aeroplane and vehicles
(v) Major pollutants → (c) natural and human activities
(vi) Light pollution → (e) blocking of evening view
